Java服务_xml配置实现Quartz执行jar包方法

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Java服务_xml配置实现Quartz执行jar包方法

1.Quartz与ScheduledExecutorService的区别

Quartz和ScheduledExecutorService都可以用来执行定时轮询任务，但是Quartz的功能更加强大一些：

  • Quartz提供了很多任务监控和维护工具，如Job Persistence，Transactions，Clustering等；
  • Quartz使用cron表达式来设置任务执行时间和频率，更加灵活。

2.xml配置轮询jar包方法实例

2.1任务方法打成jar包

将如下类package打成jar包，插入定时任务springboot项目中add as library：

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package jia.zheng.jop;

public class PrintTest {
    public void work() {
        System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + "-----定时打印");
    }
}

2.2引入Quartz依赖

在定时任务springboot项目的pom.xml文件中引入Quartz依赖，如果是spring项目则要添加版本号：

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<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.3创建定时任务xml配置文件

创建spring-quartz-config.xml文件如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 将定时任务所在的类加载到spring容器中，可以是项目中的类，也可以是jar包中的类 -->
    <bean id="printJop" class="jia.zheng.jop.PrintTest"/>

    <!-- 加载任务，注入targetObject属性和targetMethod属性，本质是动态代理-->
    <bean id="printJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
        <property name="targetObject" ref="printJop"/>
        <property name="targetMethod" value="work"/>
        <!-- concurrent属性表示并发设置，false表示下一次执行必须等待上一次执行完成，true表示可以并行执行。 -->
        <property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 加载触发器，注入jobDetail属性和cronExpression定时执行规则属性 -->
    <!-- 重要：⼀个触发器只能触发⼀个任务，⼀个任务可以被多个触发器触发。 -->
    <bean id="printTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
        <property name="jobDetail" ref="printJobDetail"/>
        <!-- 表示每5s执行一次 -->
        <property name="cronExpression" value="0/5 * * * * ?"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 加载总管理类，lazy-init='false'表示容器启动时就执⾏调度程序作业调度器 -->
    <bean id="startQuertz"  class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean" lazy-init="false">
        <property name="triggers">
            <list>
                <ref bean="printTrigger"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>
  • 作为targetObject属性的bean可以是本项目的类也可以是依赖jar包中的类。本质就是将类加载到spring容器中，然后对该单例bean中的任务方法进行动态代理。
  • 配置文件中任务、触发器、总管理类三者缺一不可，总管理类只需要一个，任务和触发器可以配置多个。⼀个触发器只能配置⼀个任务，⼀个任务可以被多个触发器配置。

2.4导入配置文件

在Application类中添加@ImportResource注解：

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@SpringBootApplication
@ImportResource("classpath:/spring-quartz-config.xml")
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

2.5执行结果

项目启动时，控制台显示定时任务执行器成功初始化：

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  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.5.RELEASE)

2022-06-13 16:37:51.844  INFO 16716 --- [           main] jia.zheng.Application                    : Starting Application on ZBMac-G44J4T0DY with PID 16716 (/Users/jiazhengyang3/IdeaProjects/QuartzXml/target/classes started by jiazhengyang3 in /Users/jiazhengyang3/IdeaProjects/QuartzXml)
2022-06-13 16:37:51.846  INFO 16716 --- [           main] jia.zheng.Application                    : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2022-06-13 16:37:53.301  INFO 16716 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2022-06-13 16:37:53.324  INFO 16716 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2022-06-13 16:37:53.324  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.19]
2022-06-13 16:37:53.423  INFO 16716 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2022-06-13 16:37:53.423  INFO 16716 --- [           main] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1530 ms
2022-06-13 16:37:53.538  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory      : Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
2022-06-13 16:37:53.545  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl    : Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
2022-06-13 16:37:53.545  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Quartz Scheduler v.2.3.1 created.
2022-06-13 16:37:53.546  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore             : RAMJobStore initialized.
2022-06-13 16:37:53.546  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.3.1) 'startQuertz' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
  Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
  NOT STARTED.
  Currently in standby mode.
  Number of jobs executed: 0
  Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
  Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.

配置的定时任务成功执行：

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2022-06-13 16:37:53.923  INFO 16716 --- [           main] org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler          : Scheduler startQuertz_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
2022-06-13 16:37:53.953  INFO 16716 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2022-06-13 16:37:53.956  INFO 16716 --- [           main] jia.zheng.Application                    : Started Application in 2.528 seconds (JVM running for 3.195)
1655109475015-----定时打印
1655109480013-----定时打印
1655109485008-----定时打印
1655109490003-----定时打印
1655109495007-----定时打印